Flat Earth Map - Gleason's New Standard Map Of The World - Large 24 x 36 1892

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Snyder, John P.; Voxland, Philip M. (1989). An Album of Map Projections. Professional Paper 1453. Denver: USGS. p.228. ISBN 978-0160033681. Archived from the original on 2010-07-01 . Retrieved 2018-03-29. Gleason’s map could conceptually be made by placing a flat horizontal paper just above a translucent globe whose north pole is at the top; then placing a bright LED at the south pole and making each feature according to where its shadow falls on the paper,” Goldhaber-Gordon said. SNYDER, John P. (1997). Flattening the earth: two thousand years of map projections. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-76747-7. , p.29 With the circumference of the Earth being approximately 40,000km (24,855mi), the maximum distance that can be displayed on an azimuthal equidistant projection map is half the circumference, or about 20,000km (12,427mi). For distances less than 10,000km (6,214mi) distortions are minimal. For distances 10,000–15,000km (6,214–9,321mi) the distortions are moderate. Distances greater than 15,000km (9,321mi) are severely distorted. While it may have been used by ancient Egyptians for star maps in some holy books, [1] the earliest text describing the azimuthal equidistant projection is an 11th-century work by al-Biruni. [2]

New correct map of the flat surface, stationary earth

The Winkle tripel is a map to hang on your wall. Ours is a more accurate one you can hold in your hand. But while Gleason argued the earth is flat in his book, his application to the U.S. Patent Office for the map appears to contradict this. The application states that the map is extracted from the earth as a globe. Specifically, Gleason said: “The extortion of the map from that of a globe consists, mainly in the straightening out of the meridian lines allowing each to retain their original value from Greenwich, the equator to the two poles.” Steffen also said that individuals can perform a similar experiment using geometry and Polaris, or the north star, as a function of latitude. The shadow [earth] casts on the moon during an eclipse is round, regardless of where the moon is in the sky,” Steffen said. I usually work on general relativity and cosmology. I have always loved geometrical things. As a kid I was fascinated by map projections. When I was 14, I made a painted globe of Mars based on a flat Mercator Mars map by the astronomer E. M. Antoniadi. Since becoming an emeritus professor at Princeton, I have fondly returned to some of my childhood interests.cos ⁡ ρ R = sin ⁡ φ 0 sin ⁡ φ + cos ⁡ φ 0 cos ⁡ φ cos ⁡ ( λ − λ 0 ) tan ⁡ θ = cos ⁡ φ sin ⁡ ( λ − λ 0 ) cos ⁡ φ 0 sin ⁡ φ − sin ⁡ φ 0 cos ⁡ φ cos ⁡ ( λ − λ 0 ) {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\cos {\frac {\rho }{R}}&=\sin \varphi _{0}\sin \varphi +\cos \varphi _{0}\cos \varphi \cos \left(\lambda -\lambda _{0}\right)\\\tan \theta &={\frac {\cos \varphi \sin \left(\lambda -\lambda _{0}\right)}{\cos \varphi _{0}\sin \varphi -\sin \varphi _{0}\cos \varphi \cos \left(\lambda -\lambda _{0}\right)}}\end{aligned}}} Azimuthal equidistant map projection An azimuthal equidistant projection about the North Pole extending all the way to the South Pole. An azimuthal equidistant projection about the South Pole extending all the way to the North Pole. Emblem of the United Nations containing a polar azimuthal equidistant projection.

Gleason Map – FlatEarth.ws

In May 1893, Gleason patented the invention of the “New Standard Map of the World”, a projection of the earth centered on the north pole, which can be found ( here).

Edward S. Kennedy, 1996, Mathematical geography, in Roshdi Rashed, ed., Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Vol. 1, Routledge, London and New York. This double-sided map has a Goldberg-Gott error score of only 0.881 versus 4.563 for the Winkel tripel. It beats the Winkel tripel in each of the six error terms! It has zero boundary cut error since continents and oceans are continuous over the circular edge. It has a remarkable property no single-sided flat map possesses: distance errors between pairs of points (such as cities) are bounded, being off by only at most plus or minus 22.2 percent. In the Mercator and Winkel tripel projections, distance errors blow up as one approaches the poles and boundary cuts. GeographicLib provides a class for performing azimuthal equidistant projections centered at any point on the ellipsoid. An interactive Java Applet to study the metric deformations of the Azimuthal Equidistant Projection.

Azimuthal equidistant projection - Wikipedia Azimuthal equidistant projection - Wikipedia

From the map’s patent, we know the author was aware and in full knowledge that the map was just a projection of the spherical Earth, contradictory to the claims in his book. A disadvantage of the new map is that you can’t see all of the Earth’s surface at once, but remember this is true for the globe as well. Our map is actually more like the globe in this respect than other flat maps. To see all of the globe, you have to rotate it; to see all of the new map, you simply have to flip it over, as you can see belowAzimuthal equidistant projection maps can also be useful to show ranges of missiles, as demonstrated by the map centered on North Korea showing the country's missile range. Gleason might have claimed that the map is the “flat-Earth map” but his explanation written in his patent for the map is contradictory: Some social media users are saying that Alexander Gleason’s 19th Century “New Standard Map of the World” is proof that the earth is flat and that Antarctica is not a continent but an ice ring that circles the earth’s edges. They are wrong. The earth is not flat. The map has been misinterpreted. From the registered patent, he never mentioned that the Earth is flat. On the contrary, he said that he made the map from a globe, which explains how a north-pole centered azimuthal equidistant map is designed. References