Speak to your GP or NHS stop smoking adviser who will be able to recommend an alternative treatment. E-cigarettes

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Research has shown that all these methods can be effective. Importantly, evidence shows that they are most effective if used alongside support from an NHS stop smoking service. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) Dugas EN, Sylvestre MP, O'Loughlin EK, Brunet J, Kakinami L, Constantin E, O'Loughlin J (February 2017). "Nicotine dependence and sleep quality in young adults". Addictive Behaviors. 65: 154–160. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.10.020. PMID 27816041.Nicotine is highly addictive. [19] [20] Its addictiveness depends on how it is administered. [23] Animal research suggests that monoamine oxidase inhibitors in tobacco smoke may enhance its addictiveness. [25] [26] Nicotine dependence involves aspects of both psychological dependence and physical dependence, since discontinuation of extended use has been shown to produce both affective (e.g., anxiety, irritability, craving, anhedonia) and somatic (mild motor dysfunctions such as tremor) withdrawal symptoms. [1] Withdrawal symptoms peak in one to three days [93] and can persist for several weeks. [94] Some people experience symptoms for 6 months or longer. [95] a b c d e Royal College of Physicians (28 April 2016). "Nicotine without smoke: Tobacco harm reduction" . Retrieved 16 September 2020.

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To comply with EU regulation, all vape products sold in the UK must adhere to the rules set out by the TPD. Those rules stipulate that no vape tank sold in the UK (or the EU) should exceed 2ml. Tharp C (5 September 2014). "Safety for Homemade Remedies for Pest Control" (PDF). Montana Pesticide Bulletin. Montana State University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2014 . Retrieved 21 September 2020. https://www.cancer.org/healthy/stay-away-from-tobacco/guide-quitting-smoking/nicotine-replacement-therapy.html

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Etter JF (July 2007). "Addiction to the nicotine gum in never smokers". BMC Public Health. 7: 159. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-159. PMC 1939993. PMID 17640334. Nicotine is highly addictive. [18] [19] [20] Slow-release forms (gums and patches, when used correctly) are less addictive and aid in quitting. [21] [22] [23] [24] Animal research suggests that monoamine oxidase inhibitors present in tobacco smoke may enhance nicotine's addictive properties. [25] [26] An average cigarette yields about 2mg of absorbed nicotine. [27] See also: Nicotine replacement therapy A 21 mg patch applied to the left arm. The Cochrane Collaboration finds that nicotine replacement therapy increases a quitter's chance of success by 50–60%, regardless of setting. [45] Nicotine has been used as an insecticide since at least the 1960s, in the form of tobacco extracts [17] [48] [49] (although other components of tobacco also seem to have pesticide effects). [50] Nicotine pesticides have not been commercially available in the US since 2014, [51] and homemade pesticides are banned on organic crops [52] and caution is recommended for small gardeners. [53] Nicotine pesticides have been banned in the EU since 2009. [54] Foods are imported from countries in which nicotine pesticides are allowed, such as China, but foods may not exceed maximum nicotine levels. [54] [55] Neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, which are derived from and structurally similar to nicotine, are widely used as agricultural and veterinary pesticides as of 2016. [56] [48] Performance [ edit ] Possible alteration of nicotine absorption through the skin from the transdermal nicotine patch by drugs that cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction. [75]

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Nicotine in tobacco can form carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines through a nitrosation reaction. This occurs mostly in the curing and processing of tobacco. However, nicotine in the mouth and stomach can react to form N-nitrosonornicotine, [110] a known type 1 carcinogen, [111] suggesting that consumption of non-tobacco forms of nicotine may still play a role in carcinogenesis. [112] Genotoxicity [ edit ] Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.Nestler EJ (December 2012). "Transcriptional mechanisms of drug addiction". Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience. 10 (3): 136–43. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2012.10.3.136. PMC 3569166. PMID 23430970. The 35–37 kD ΔFosB isoforms accumulate with chronic drug exposure due to their extraordinarily long half-lives.... As a result of its stability, the ΔFosB protein persists in neurons for at least several weeks after cessation of drug exposure.... ΔFosB overexpression in nucleus accumbens induces NFκB Olausson P, Jentsch JD, Taylor JR (January 2004). "Nicotine enhances responding with conditioned reinforcement". Psychopharmacology. 171 (2): 173–178. doi: 10.1007/s00213-003-1575-y. PMID 13680077. S2CID 11855403.