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Santa Claus: History, Legend, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021 . Retrieved 10 August 2020. Beijing International Post Office". Vip.fesco.com.cn. Archived from the original on 7 January 2008 . Retrieved 21 December 2010. Canada Post – Newsroom – Letters to the Editor". 24 April 2008. Archived from the original on 24 April 2008. In Russia, Ded Moroz emerged as a Santa Claus figure around the late 19th century [35] where Christmas for the Eastern Orthodox Church is kept on 7 January. Wodan's role during the Yuletide period has been theorized as having influenced concepts of St. Nicholas and Santa Claus in a variety of facets, including his long white beard and his gray horse for nightly rides (compare Odin's horse Sleipnir) or his reindeer in North American tradition. [19] Folklorist Margaret Baker maintains that "the appearance of Santa Claus or Father Christmas, whose day is the 25th of December, owes much to Odin, the old blue-hooded, cloaked, white-bearded Giftbringer of the north, who rode the midwinter sky on his eight-footed steed Sleipnir, visiting his people with gifts. Odin, transformed into Father Christmas, then Santa Claus, prospered with St Nicholas and the Christchild, became a leading player on the Christmas stage." [20]

The image of Santa Claus as a benevolent character became reinforced with its association with charity and philanthropy, particularly by organizations such as the Salvation Army. Volunteers dressed as Santa Claus typically became part of fundraising drives to aid needy families at Christmas time. In his 2005 book Nicholas: The Epic Journey from Saint to Santa Claus, writer Jeremy Seal describes how the commercialization of the Santa Claus figure began in the 19th century. "In the 1820s he began to acquire the recognizable trappings: reindeer, sleigh, bells," said Seal in an interview. [133] "They are simply the actual bearings in the world from which he emerged. At that time, sleighs were how you got about Manhattan." Time to write to Santa!". Canada Post. 19 November 2015. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016 . Retrieved 2 August 2016. For the wild hunt, Simek (2010:372–373). For Jólnir, see Simek (2010:180) and Orchard (1997:189). For Langbarðr, see Simek (2010:186). Interview: Jeremy Seal". St. Nicholas Center. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023 . Retrieved 1 January 2023.a b Vines, Gail (2011). "The Santa Delusion". New Scientist. 210 (2809): 29. Bibcode: 2011NewSc.210Q..29M. doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(11)60920-2. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021 . Retrieved 12 December 2018. Early representations of the gift-giver from Church history and folklore, especially St Nicholas, merged with the English character Father Christmas to create the mythical character known to the rest of the English-speaking world as "Santa Claus" (a phonetic derivation of " Sinterklaas" in Dutch). When Christmas Was Banned – The early colonies and Christmas". Archived from the original on 8 January 2010.

See also: Santa's workshop §Santa Claus grottos and department stores Eaton's Santa Claus Parade, 1918, Toronto, Canada. Having arrived at the Eaton's department store, Santa is readying his ladder to climb up onto the building. Representation of Santa Claus in Italy In northern Europe, the Yule goat was an earlier bearer of gifts, which has to some degree become conflated with Santa Claus, for instance in the Finnish Joulupukki tradition. [21] History Origins Kürti, Lázsló (2020). " "DO YOU WANT TO BE KRAMPUS?" Santa Claus, globality and locality of Christmas tradition". Hungarian Studies Yearbook. Sciendo. 2 (1): 128, 134. doi: 10.2478/hsy-2020-0010. S2CID 231955746. In North American tradition (in the United States and Canada), Santa is said to live at the North Pole, which according to Canada Post lies within Canadian jurisdiction in postal code H0H 0H0 [60] (a reference to "ho ho ho", Santa's notable saying, although postal codes starting with H are usually reserved for the island of Montréal in Québec). On 23 December 2008, Jason Kenney, Canada's minister of Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism, formally awarded Canadian citizenship status to Santa Claus. "The Government of Canada wishes Santa the very best in his Christmas Eve duties and wants to let him know that, as a Canadian citizen, he has the automatic right to re-enter Canada once his trip around the world is complete," Kenney said in an official statement. [61] Babies and toddlers do not understand the concept of a fictional character, but most children become developmentally able to "believe in" Santa Claus around age three or four. [150] [139] The prevalence of belief in Santa Claus is high at age five, and declines precipitously when children are seven or eight years old. [151] [152] [153] [154] Although the age at disillusionment has been fairly stable for decades – in 1978, 85% of American five year olds believed that Santa was real, but only 25% of eight year olds still did – it may be getting slightly lower over time. [155] See alsoLargest gathering of Santa Claus". Guinness World Records. 27 December 2014. Archived from the original on 2 October 2021 . Retrieved 18 October 2020. Susman, Tina (30 October 2011). "Claus and effect: The ultimate Santa school". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017 . Retrieved 20 February 2020. Rudolf (2004). "Martin Luthers Christkind". Welt der Naturwissenschaften. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008 . Retrieved 24 April 2023.

Letters to Santa Claus'. (2000). In The World Encyclopedia of Christmas. Gerry Bowler, Editor. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Limited. pp. 131–132. Letters to Santa" redirects here. For the Muppet television film, see A Muppets Christmas: Letters to Santa. For the Polish film, see Letters to Santa (film).

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Various psychologists and researchers have wrestled with the ways that young children are convinced of the existence of Santa Claus, and have wondered whether children's abilities to critically weigh real-world evidence may be undermined by their belief in this or other imaginary figures. For example, psychology professor Jacqueline Woolley helped conduct a study that found, to the contrary, that children seemed competent in their use of logic, evidence, and comparative reasoning even though they might conclude that Santa Claus or other fanciful creatures were real: There is also a city named North Pole in Alaska where a tourist attraction known as the "Santa Claus House" has been established. The United States Postal Service uses the city's ZIP code of 99705 as their advertised postal code for Santa Claus. A Wendy's in North Pole, AK has also claimed to have a "sleigh fly through". [62] Saint Nicholas::: Places". Stnicholascenter.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2009 . Retrieved 21 December 2010. L. Frank Baum's The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus, a children's book, was published in 1902. Much of Santa Claus's mythos was not firmly established at the time, leaving Baum to give his "Neclaus" (Necile's Little One) a variety of immortal support, a home in the Laughing Valley of Hohaho, and ten reindeer—who could not fly, but leapt in enormous, flight-like bounds. Claus's immortality was earned, much like his title ("Santa"), decided by a vote of those naturally immortal. This work also established Claus's motives: a happy childhood among immortals. When Ak, Master Woodsman of the World, exposes him to the misery and poverty of children in the outside world, Santa strives to find a way to bring joy into the lives of all children, and eventually invents toys as a principal means. Santa later appears in The Road to Oz as an honored guest at Ozma's birthday party, stated to be famous and beloved enough for everyone to bow even before he is announced as "The most Mighty and Loyal Friend of Children, His Supreme Highness – Santa Claus". Items that are not available in store will take 3-5 working days (excluding weekends and bank holidays) to be delivered to your nominated store.

Ramet, Sabrina Petra (10 November 2005). Religious Policy in the Soviet Union. Cambridge University Press. p.138. ISBN 9780521022309. The League sallied forth to save the day from this putative religious revival. Antireligioznik obliged with so many articles that it devoted an entire section of its annual index for 1928 to anti-religious training in the schools. More such material followed in 1929, and a flood of it the next year. It recommended what Lenin and others earlier had explicitly condemned—carnivals, farces, and games to intimidate and purge the youth of religious belief. It suggested that pupils campaign against customs associated with Christmas (including Christmas trees) and Easter. Some schools, the League approvingly reported, staged an anti-religious day on the 31st of each month. Not teachers but the League's local set the programme for this special occasion. Lying To Kids About Santa Can Erode Their Trust, Psychologists Say". Vocativ. 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021 . Retrieved 6 December 2018. In 1937, Charles W. Howard, who played Santa Claus in department stores and parades, established the Charles W. Howard Santa School, the oldest continuously-run such school in the world. [40] Santa Claus, Indiana—a small Midwestern United States town named after the figure, and home to Holiday World amusement parkMary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Christian Science movement, wrote: "the children should not be taught that Santa Claus has aught to do with this [Christmas] pastime. A deceit or falsehood is never wise. Too much cannot be done towards guarding and guiding well the germinating and inclining thought of childhood. To mould aright the first impressions of innocence, aids in perpetuating purity and in unfolding the immortal model, man in His image and likeness." [127] Opposition under state atheism Jeremy Seal, Nicholas: The Epic Journey From Saint to Santa Claus, Bloomsbury, 2005, p. 199–200. ISBN 978-1-58234-419-5. mentioning Don Foster, Author Unknown: On the Trail of Anonymous (New York: Henry Holt, 2000: 221–75) for the attribution of Old Santeclaus to Clement Clarke Moore". Tspace.library.utoronto.ca. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011 . Retrieved 21 December 2010. When do kids stop believing in Santa? Is your kid ready?". www.boston.com . Retrieved 4 September 2023. a b Johnson, David Kyle. "Say Goodbye to the Santa Claus Lie". Psychology Today. Archived from the original on 27 December 2021 . Retrieved 12 December 2018.