Cavallier manages to create a perfume in which amber, vanilla, and sweet resins intertwine perfectly with the spicy, astringent and fruity area of it. Legal opium production is allowed under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and other international drug treaties, subject to strict supervision by the law enforcement agencies of individual countries. The leading legal production method is the Robertson- Gregory process, whereby the entire poppy, excluding roots and leaves, is mashed and stewed in dilute acid solutions. The alkaloids are then recovered via acid-base extraction and purified. The exact date of its discovery is unknown, but it was described by Wurtz in his Dictionnaire de chimie pure et appliquée published in 1868. [138] Peter Dale Scott, Asia-Pacific Journal Japan Focus, 1 Nov. 2010, Volume 8 | Issue 44 | Number 2, "Operation Paper: The United States and Drugs in Thailand and Burma" 米国とタイ・ビルマの麻薬 During the Communist era in Eastern Europe, poppy stalks sold in bundles by farmers were processed by users with household chemicals to make kompot (" Polish heroin"), and poppy seeds were used to produce koknar, an opiate. [99] Obsolescence [ edit ] Apothecary vessel for storage of opium as a pharmaceutical, Germany, 18th or 19th century Senlis Council (September 26, 2005). "The Kabul International Symposium on Drug Policy". Archived from the original on March 13, 2007 . Retrieved May 4, 2007.

Smoking of opium declined in the 20th century, partly because it had been supplanted by more-potent derivatives and partly because of determined efforts in China and other developing countries to eradicate it. In the late 1990s, drug-control programs headed by the United Nations and by individual governments contributed to a reduction in opium poppy cultivation in the Golden Triangle. However, the region subsequently became a major producer of other illicit substances, including methamphetamines.Stephen Harding; Lee Ann Olivier & Olivera Jokic. "Victorians' Secret: Victorian Substance Abuse". Archived from the original on May 31, 2007 . Retrieved May 2, 2007. Anil Aggrawal (1995). "CHAPTER 2: THE STORY OF OPIUM". Narcotic Drugs. New Delhi: National Book Trust. ISBN 978-81-237-1383-0.

Robinson SL, Rowbotham DJ, Smith G (July 1991). "Morphine compared with diamorphine. A comparison of dose requirements and side-effects after hip surgery". Anaesthesia. 46 (7): 538–40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09650.x. PMID 1862890. S2CID 35289009. The production methods have not significantly changed since ancient times. Through selective breeding of the Papaver somniferum plant, the content of the phenanthrene alkaloids morphine, codeine, and to a lesser extent thebaine has been greatly increased. In modern times, much of the thebaine, which often serves as the raw material for the synthesis for oxycodone, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, and other semisynthetic opiates, originates from extracting Papaver orientale or Papaver bracteatum. The older formulation have an extra depth and roundness, but the recent versions are not bad either. A correct, good and pleasant perfume, with a unique vibe of the 90s. UNODC – Bulletin on Narcotics – 1950 Issue 3 – 003". United Nations: Office on Drugs and Crime . Retrieved May 5, 2021. Between 400 and 1200 CE, Arab traders introduced opium to China, and to India by 700. [19] [1] [12] [20] The physician Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi of Persian origin ("Rhazes", 845–930 CE) maintained a laboratory and school in Baghdad, and was a student and critic of Galen; he made use of opium in anesthesia and recommended its use for the treatment of melancholy in Fi ma-la-yahdara al-tabib, "In the Absence of a Physician", a home medical manual directed toward ordinary citizens for self-treatment if a doctor was not available. [21] [22]Martin, Steven. The Art of Opium Antiques. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 2007. Photographs and history of Chinese and Vietnamese opium-smoking paraphernalia. Fresh spice notes begin to appear shortly after, from which springs forth a warmer, more resinous note. The spice notes here are many and well blended. The warming resin combines well with the powdery feel, making the middle rather masculine.

a b Aurin, Marcus (January 1, 2000). "Chasing the Dragon: The Cultural Metamorphosis of Opium in the United States, 1825–1935". Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 14 (3): 414–441. doi: 10.1525/maq.2000.14.3.414. JSTOR 649506. PMID 11036586.a b P. G. Kritikos & S. P. Papadaki (January 1, 1967). "The early history of the poppy and opium". Journal of the Archaeological Society of Athens. Ahmad, Diana L. The Opium Debate and Chinese Exclusion Laws in the Nineteenth-century American West (University of Nevada Press, 2007). Drugs and Racism in the Old West. It's Sunday afternoon somewhere between Savannah and Baton Rouge. There's nothing like southern comfort, wearing a tuxedo, eating vanilla cupcakes and drinking a spicy-sweet iced liqueur. It's sweet, it's strong, it's different, it's elegant, it's attractive. A couple of sprays and then….you are in a ring….a boxing ring. The bloodthirsty crowd is chanting “OPIUM….OPIUM…OPIUM”! You cower, you shake, you begin to wonder what in God’s name you’re doing here.

Hideyuki Takano; The Shore Beyond Good and Evil: A Report from Inside Burma's Opium Kingdom (2002, Kotan, ISBN 0-9701716-1-7) Opium Pour Homme is an interesting scent, rather different from the majority of current mainstream designer offerings. Upon spraying you can definitely smell a certain old school vibe, hinting that the scent was originally released almost 30 years ago. I know it's not as fashionable any longer as it was two decades ago. Probably younger men consider it old fashion either because they prefer the new wave of "Bleu", "Nuit", "Dylan" and "Sauvage", or because they never tried this YSL rough diamond just for being a release from the previous century. I know Opium pour Homme was born in the mid 90s but for me it somehow conjures up images of 1980s department stores in London & Paris, glossy, alluring bright lights, attractive female sales assistants (and on the perfume posters) and so on. It's kind of how I imagine a high class casino would've smelled in the 70s, 80s and early 90s in Monte Carlo or elsewhere on the Cote d'Azur.Great Britain, India office (1922). The truth about Indian opium. [London] Printed by H.M. Stationery Off. Hamarneh Sami (1972). "Pharmacy in medieval Islam and the history of drug addiction". Medical History. 16 (3): 226–237. doi: 10.1017/s0025727300017725. PMC 1034978. PMID 4595520.