Thoroughly but sensitively updated by three new authors. Dr Tom Clark, Dr Liam Foster, and Dr Luke Sloan bring specialist expertise and have worked closely with students and lecturers to build on Alan Bryman's impressive legacy. Beverland, M., & Lindgreen, A. (2010). What makes a good case study? A positivist review of qualitative case research published in Industrial Marketing Management, 1971–2006. Industrial Marketing Management, 39, 56–63. restructuring that enhances regional, local or European taxation by weakening government taxation can be a key factor in reforming the tax system. The degree of tax decentralization of the tax policy applied is likely Taber, K. S. 2017. Beyond positivism. In School-based research: A guide for education students (p. 323). Clear, comprehensive, and trusted, Bryman's Social Research Methods has supported over a quarter of a million students through their research methods course and research project. Spanning theory and practice and covering quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, this bestselling text offers unrivalled coverage of the whole research process.

Mills, K. T., Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Bundy, J. D., Chen, C. S., Kelly, T. N., ... & He, J. (2015). A systematic analysis of worldwide population-based data on the global burden of chronic kidney disease in 2010. Kidney international, 88(5), 950–957. Beiske, B. (2007). Research Methods: Uses and limitations of questionnaires, interviews and case studies, Munich: GRIN Verlag.Srinivasan, R. (2015). Exploring the impact of social norms and online shopping anxiety in the adoption of online apparel shopping by Indian consumers. Journal of Internet Commerce, 14, 177–199.

Data collection and analysis is dependent on the methodological approach used (Bryman, 2012). The process used at this stage of the research contributes significantly to the study's overall reliability and validity (Saunders et al., 2007). Regardless of the approach used in the project, the type of data collected can be separated into two types: primary and secondary. Buell, M. J., Hooper, A., Hallam, R. A., & Han, M. (2018). A descriptive study of the relationship between literacy quality and global quality in family child care programs engaged in quality rating and improvement systems. In Child & Youth Care Forum (pp. 725–745). Springer.

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Iglesias, O., Markovic, S., & Rialp, J. (2019a). How does sensory brand experience influence brand equity? Considering the roles of customer satisfaction, customer affective commitment, and employee empathy. Journal of Business Research, 96, 343–354.

Hammersley, M. (2017). Deconstructing the qualitative-quantitative divide 1. In Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research. Routledge. Walmsley, D. J., & Lewis, G. J. (2014). People and environment: Behavioural approaches in human geography. Routledge. Strang, K. D. (2015). Matching research method with ideology and strategy. In The Palgrave handbook of research design in business and management. Springer. Brannen, J. (2017). Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches: An overview. In Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research. Routledge. Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Routledge.

Introduction

Lucas, J. W. (2003). Theory‐testing, generalization, and the problem of external validity. Sociological Theory, 21(3), Creswell, J. W., Plano Clark, V. L., Gutmann, M. L., & Hanson, W. E. (2003). Advanced mixed methods research designs. Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research, 209, 240. The qualitative approach is drawn from the constructivist paradigm (Bryman & Allen, 2011). This approach requires the researcher to avoid imposing their own perception of the meaning of social phenomena upon the respondent (Banister et al., 2011). The aim is to investigate how the respondent interprets their own reality (Bryman & Allen, 2011). This presents the challenge of creating a methodology that is framed by the respondent rather than by the researcher. An effective means by which to do this is through interviews, or texts, where the response to a question can be open (Feilzer, 2010).