Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M (July 2020). "Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 38 (7): 1504–1507. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.048. PMC 7165109. PMID 32317203. Several measures are commonly used to quantify mortality. [329] These numbers vary by region and over time and are influenced by the volume of testing, healthcare system quality, treatment options, time since the initial outbreak, and population characteristics such as age, sex, and overall health. [330] Some early studies suggest 10% to 20% of people with COVID‑19 will experience symptoms lasting longer than a month. [284] [285] A majority of those who were admitted to hospital with severe disease report long-term problems including fatigue and shortness of breath. [286] On 30 October 2020, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom warned that "to a significant number of people, the COVID virus poses a range of serious long-term effects." He has described the vast spectrum of COVID‑19 symptoms that fluctuate over time as "really concerning". They range from fatigue, a cough and shortness of breath, to inflammation and injury of major organs–including the lungs and heart, and also neurological and psychologic effects. Symptoms often overlap and can affect any system in the body. Infected people have reported cyclical bouts of fatigue, headaches, months of complete exhaustion, mood swings, and other symptoms. Tedros therefore concluded that a strategy of achieving herd immunity by infection, rather than vaccination, is "morally unconscionable and unfeasible". [287] Islam MA (November 2020). "Prevalence of Headache in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 14,275 Patients". Frontiers in Neurology. 11: 562634. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.562634. PMC 7728918. PMID 33329305. a b Ritchie, Hannah; Mathieu, Edouard; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Beltekian, Diana; Dattani, Saloni; Roser, Max (2020–2022). "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Our World in Data . Retrieved 31 October 2023.

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The likelihood of new-onset, self-reported long COVID after a second coronavirus (COVID-19) infection compared with a first infection, using data from the COVID-19 Infection Survey. Experimental Statistics. The coronavirus spreads racism against – and among – ethnic Chinese". The Economist. 17 February 2020. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020 . Retrieved 17 February 2020. Symptoms of Coronavirus". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 13 May 2020. Archived from the original on 17 June 2020 . Retrieved 18 June 2020. Covid-19". Oxford English Dictionary (Onlineed.). Oxford University Press. April 2020 . Retrieved 15 April 2020. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)Main articles: Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic and Investigations into the origin of COVID-19 Part of a series on the Live Israel-Hamas war live: Rafah crossing open to people for limited evacuation from Gaza; Gaza internet cut off, says Paltel The use of passive antibodies to treat people with active COVID‑19 is also being studied. This involves the production of convalescent serum, which consists of the liquid portion of the blood from people who recovered from the infection and contains antibodies specific to this virus, which is then administered to active patients. [514] This strategy was tried for SARS with inconclusive results. [514] An updated Cochrane review in May 2021 found high certainty evidence that, for the treatment of people with moderate to severe COVID‑19, convalescent plasma did not reduce mortality or bring about symptom improvement. [515] There continues to be uncertainty about the safety of convalescent plasma administration to people with COVID‑19 and differing outcomes measured in different studies limits their use in determining efficacy. [515] Bioethics

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a b Córdoba-Vives S, Peñaranda G (April 2020). "COVID-19 y Embarazo". Medical Journal of Costa Rica (in Spanish): 629. Archived from the original on 18 June 2021 . Retrieved 14 February 2022. This was a decrease in all deaths compared with the week ending 13 October 2023 (Week 41), when the number of all-cause deaths registered was 10,544; COVID-19 accounted for 352 of these deaths (3.3%). Preventive measures to reduce the chances of infection include getting vaccinated, staying at home, wearing a mask in public, avoiding crowded places, keeping distance from others, ventilating indoor spaces, managing potential exposure durations, [186] washing hands with soap and water often and for at least twenty seconds, practising good respiratory hygiene, and avoiding touching the eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands. [187] [188]Most people feel better within a few days or weeks of their first COVID-19 symptoms and make a full recovery within 12 weeks. For some people, it can be a more serious illness and their symptoms can last longer. What to do if you have symptoms of COVID-19