a b c d "The World islands in Dubai complete". ArabianBusiness.com. 2008-01-10. Archived from the original on January 11, 2008 . Retrieved 2008-02-02. However, from the 10th century (and, in fact, until the 20th century) the Hashemite Sharifs of Mecca maintained a state in the most developed part of the region, the Hejaz. Their domain originally comprised only the holy cities of Mecca and Medina but in the 13th century it was extended to include the rest of the Hejaz. Although, the Sharifs exercised at most times independent authority in the Hejaz, they were usually subject to the suzerainty of one of the major Islamic empires of the time. In the Middle Ages, these included the Abbasids of Baghdad, and the Fatimids, Ayyubids, and Mamluks of Egypt. [64] Modern history [ edit ] Expansion of the first Saudi State from 1744 to 1814 The Arabian Peninsula in 1914

Arabic is a non-native language to 20% of the Arab population, with the Somali, Berber and Kurdish languages considered the most widely used after Arabic. [ citation needed] Mountains [ edit ] The Haraz Mountains in western Yemen include Arabia's highest mountain, Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb or Jabal Hadhur [31] [32] [33] near Sanaa [28] [29]

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Saudi Arabia's Qassim stone axe find points to prehistoric 'crossroads' ". Arab News. 2 January 2021.

Prior to World War I, there were some 2,000–3,000 Armenians in Palestine, mostly in Jerusalem. From 1915 and onward, thousands of Armenian genocide survivors from Cilicia ( Adana Vilayet) found refuge, and settled in Palestine, increasing its Armenian population. [37] [38] In 1925, around 15,000 Armenians are believed to have lived in all of Palestine, with the majority in Jerusalem. [37] During Mandatory Palestine period, the number of Armenians is estimated to have reached up to 20,000. [37] [39] However, the 1931 British census showed only 3,524 Armenians in all of Palestine. [37] Hari, Johann (April 7, 2009). "The dark side of Dubai". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07. Cinnovation acquires Nova Island on The World (UAE/SG)". Europe-re.com. 2010-06-01. Archived from the original on July 10, 2011 . Retrieved 2012-07-07. Fonseca, I. (1996). Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and Their Journey. Vintage. ISBN 9780679737438 . Retrieved 20 August 2015. The railway was started in 1900 at the behest of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II and was built largely by the Turks, with German advice and support. A public subscription was opened throughout the Islamic world to fund the construction. The railway was to be a waqf, an inalienable religious endowment or charitable trust. [70] The Arab Revolt and the foundation of Saudi Arabia [ edit ] Physical and political elements of Arabia in 1929 Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, the founding father and first king of Saudi ArabiaWeinstein, Y. (1 January 2007). "A transition from strombolian to phreatomagmatic activity induced by a lava flow damming water in a valley". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 159 (1–3): 267–284. Bibcode: 2007JVGR..159..267W. doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.06.015. MARCIN N 294x286 (11292 Bytes) {{Information |Description=Flag and map of Algieria |Source=own work |Date=29 VII 2006 |Author={{Marcin n}} |Permission={{GFDL}} }} Mandal, Ram Bahadur (1990). "VI: A Regional Geography". Patterns of Regional Geography: World regions. New Delhi, India: Concept Publishing Company. p.354. ISBN 978-8-1702-2292-7. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021 . Retrieved 24 October 2020. International Programs". census.gov. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 14 December 2017. Harris, Ian; Mews, Stuart; Morris, Paul; Shepherd, John (1992). Contemporary Religions: A World Guide. Longman. p.369. ISBN 978-0-582-08695-1.

Darwinek 1238x725 (157180 Bytes) {{Information |Description=. |Source=Own work by uploader |Date= |Author=[[User:Darwinek]] |Permission= |other_versions= }} The population of the Arab world as estimated by the UN in 2017 was 414,727,833, [1] But there's no exact figures of the annual population growth, fertility rate, or mortality rate are known to exist. Dubai unveils 'Pearls of Arabia' at The World | DMCC". AMEinfo.com. 2012-06-20. Archived from the original on September 29, 2012 . Retrieved 2012-07-07. The royalist side received support from Saudi Arabia, while the republicans were supported by Egypt and the Soviet Union. Both foreign irregular and conventional forces were also involved. The Egyptian President, Gamal Abdel Nasser, supported the republicans with as many as 70,000 troops. Despite several military moves and peace conferences, the war sank into a stalemate. Egypt's commitment to the war is considered to have been detrimental to its performance in the Six-Day War of June 1967, after which Nasser found it increasingly difficult to maintain his army's involvement and began to pull his forces out of Yemen. Despite being situated thousands of miles from Europe, Saudi Arabia shares a connection in the form of cultural exchanges, trade, and even geographical proximity. Earth's intricate web of landscapes and cultures only serves to emphasize our interconnectedness! Geography of Saudi ArabiaA range of deserts: the Nefud in the north, [27] which is stony; the Rub' al Khali or Great Arabian Desert in the south, with sand estimated to extend 600ft (180m) below the surface; between them, the Dahna Mountains [28] [29] [30] Uerpmann, Hans-Peter; Usik, Vitaly I.; Parker, Adrian G.; Marks, Anthony E.; Jasim, Sabah A.; Armitage, Simon J. (28 January 2011). "The Southern Route "Out of Africa": Evidence for an Early Expansion of Modern Humans into Arabia". Science. 331 (6016): 453–456. Bibcode: 2011Sci...331..453A. doi: 10.1126/science.1199113. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 21273486. S2CID 20296624. The project was unveiled in May 2003 by Sheikh Mohammed [18] and dredging began four months later in September 2003. [18] By January 2008, 60% of the islands were sold, 20 of which were bought in the first four months of 2007. [1] [18] On 10 January 2008 the final stone on the breakwater was laid, completing development of the archipelago. [18] As of July 2012, a second island, the Lebanon Island (1.5 hectares or 15,045.01 m 2 and 482.21 metres of perimeter) was developed and was 'the only island that has so far been developed commercially, is used for private corporate events and public parties.' [19] Project difficulties [ edit ]

Middle East:: Kuwait – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". 2019-09-12. Archived from the original on 2019-09-12 . Retrieved 2021-02-05. a b "Study: Third of Big Groundwater Basins in Distress", NASA, 16 June 2015, archived from the original on 27 June 2015 , retrieved 26 June 2015

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University Library. University of Illinois at Urbana-champaign. guides.library.edu. Arab Spring Workshop:Yemen Middle East:: Qatar – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". 2019-09-12. Archived from the original on 2019-09-12 . Retrieved 2021-02-05. See: Holt (1977a), p.57, Hourani (2003), p.22, Lapidus (2002), p.32, Madelung (1996), p.43, Tabatabaei (1979), p.30–50