2061: Odyssey Three
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a b "Horizons Batch for 1P/Halley (90000015) on 837AD-Apr-10" (Earth approach occurs when deldot flips from negative to positive @ 837-Apr-10 12:13). JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on 30 June 2022 . Retrieved 29 June 2022. (SAO/837) Chirikov, Boris V.; Vecheslavov, Vitold V. (1989). "Chaotic dynamics of comet Halley" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 221 (1): 146–154. Bibcode: 1989A&A...221..146C. Depicted on the Eadwine Psalter, with the remark that such "hairy stars" appeared rarely, "and then as a portent".
Chyba, Christopher F.; Sagan, Carl (1987). "Infrared emission by organic grains in the coma of comet Halley". Nature. 330 (6146): 350–353. Bibcode: 1987Natur.330..350C. doi: 10.1038/330350a0. S2CID 4351413. Peale, Stanton J. (1989). "On the density of Halley's comet". Icarus. 82 (1): 36–49. Bibcode: 1989Icar...82...36P. doi: 10.1016/0019-1035(89)90021-3. densities obtained by this procedure are in reasonable agreement with intuitive expectations of densities near 1g/cm3, the uncertainties in several parameters and assumptions expand the error bars so far as to make the constraints on the density uniformative... suggestion that cometary nuclei tend to by very fluffy,... should not yet be adopted as a paradigm of cometary physics. Astrophotography was not known to have been attempted until 1839, as photography was still being invented in the 1830s, too late to photograph the apparition of 1P/Halley in 1835. [98]a b c "What Have We Learned About Halley's Comet?". Astronomical Society of the Pacific (No. 6 – Fall 1986). 1986 . Retrieved 16 December 2008. The comet added to the unrest in China on the eve of the Xinhai Revolution that would end the last dynasty in 1911. As James Hutson, a missionary in Sichuan Province at the time, recorded, When the comet was first seen, it appeared in the western sky, its head toward the north and tail towards the south, about horizontal and considerably above the horizon and quite a distance south of the Sun. It could be plainly seen directly after sunset every day, and was visible for a long time, perhaps a month ...
Weaver, Harold A.; etal. (1997). "The Activity and Size of the Nucleus of Comet Hale–Bopp (C/1995 O1)". Science. 275 (5308): 1900–1904. Bibcode: 1997Sci...275.1900W. doi: 10.1126/science.275.5308.1900. PMID 9072959. S2CID 25489175. Seen for over two months in China. Recorded in England and depicted on the later Bayeux tapestry which portrayed the events of that year. Seen by Peter Apian, who noted that its tail always pointed away from the Sun. This sighting was included in Halley's table. Although the comet's retrograde orbit and high inclination made it difficult to send a space probe to it, [124] the 1986 apparition gave scientists the opportunity to study the comet closely and several probes were launched to do so. The Soviet Vega 1 probe began returning images of Halley on 4 March 1986, captured the first-ever image of its nucleus, [18] and made its flyby on 6 March. It was followed by the Vega 2 probe, making its flyby on 9 March. On 14 March, the Giotto space probe, launched by the European Space Agency, made the closest pass of the comet's nucleus. [18] There also were two Japanese probes, Suisei and Sakigake. Unofficially, the numerous probes became known as the Halley Armada. [125]Yeomans, Donald Keith (1991). Comets: A Chronological History of Observation, Science, Myth, and Folklore. Wiley and Sons. pp. 260–261. ISBN 0-471-61011-9. Population growth is a key driver of demand for housing, infrastructure, school places, health care and consumption, and so population projections are essential for the effective planning of these services. Of the components which make up these projections, international migration is the least predictable, yet has a large impact on the size and composition of the population. Our scenarios therefore used different assumptions about future immigration policy.
Ultimately, it was Newton's friend, editor and publisher, Edmond Halley, who, in his 1705 Synopsis of the Astronomy of Comets, used Newton's new laws to calculate the gravitational effects of Jupiter and Saturn on cometary orbits. [25] Having compiled a list of 24 comet observations, he calculated that the orbital elements of a second comet that had appeared in 1682 were nearly the same as those of two comets that had appeared in 1531 (observed by Petrus Apianus) and 1607 (observed by Johannes Kepler). [25] [26] Halley thus concluded that all three comets were, in fact, the same object returning about every 76 years, a period that has since been found to vary between 74 and 79 years. After a rough estimate of the perturbations the comet would sustain from the gravitational attraction of the planets, he predicted its return for 1758. [27] While he had personally observed the comet around perihelion in September 1682, [28] Halley died in 1742 before he could observe its predicted return. [29]
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George and Jerry: An old gay couple who are two of Floyd's longest and closest friends; they had worked in the arts in earlier life. George and Jerry help to manage Floyd's personal affairs while he is away. The comet was also fertile ground for hoaxes. One that reached major newspapers claimed that the Sacred Followers, a supposed Oklahoma religious group, attempted to sacrifice a virgin to ward off the impending disaster, but were stopped by the police. [110]
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