Questions looking at the accuracy of multivariable diagnostic prediction models are covered in the section on review questions about predicting an individual prognosis or identifying an individual diagnosis. Steyerberg EW, Bleeker SE, Moll HA et al. (2003) Internal and external validation of predictive models: A simulation study of bias and precision in small samples. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 56: 441–7 Using formal consensus methods, such as Delphi panels or nominal group technique. These techniques can be used instead of doing formal evidence searches, or as a way to interpret the evidence found from these searches (for example, if a large volume of lower quality evidence is available).

Review questions about pharmacological interventions will usually only include medicines with a UK marketing authorisation, based on regulatory assessment of safety and efficacy. Use of a licensed medicine outside the terms of its marketing authorisation (off-label use) may be considered in some circumstances; for example, if this use is common practice in the UK, if there is good evidence for this use, or if there is no other medicine licensed for the indication. Off-label use is particularly common in pregnant women and in children and young people because these groups have often been excluded from clinical trials during medicine development.The review questions should cover all key areas specified in the scope but should not introduce new areas. They should build on the draft questions in the scope and usually contain more detail. For details on developing the scope, see the chapter on the scope. Which risk assessment tools are the most accurate in predicting the risk of fragility fracture in adults with osteoporosis or previous fragility fracture?

When escalating from oxygen therapy, which non-invasive modality is most effective in adults in hospital with suspected or confirmed COVID‑19?Martin P, Lizarondo L, Kumar S, Snowdon D (2021) Impact of clinical supervision on healthcare organisational outcomes: A mixed methods systematic review. PLoS ONE 16(11): e0260156 It is particularly important to have easy-to-use devices available in the business sector, because most users have little time and little experiences to perform these actions. Power and performance Skivington et al. 2021b states: 'An intervention might be considered complex because of properties of the intervention itself, such as the number of components involved; the range of behaviours targeted; expertise and skills required by those delivering and receiving the intervention; the number of groups, settings, or levels targeted; or the permitted level of flexibility of the intervention or its components'. Comparators: What are the alternatives to the intervention being examined (for example, other interventions, usual care, placebo)? Which scoring tools for signs and symptoms (including Centor and FeverPAIN) are most accurate in predicting sore throat caused by group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus infection in primary care?